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Capítulo 7. Pintar con el GIMP |  |
| 6. Brochas | ||
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Capítulo 7. Pintar con el GIMP | |
Figura 7.15. Trazos de brocha de ejemplo
Varios trazos pintados con diferentes brochas que el GIMP provee. Todas están pintadas con el aerógrafo.
A brush is a pixmap or set of pixmaps used for painting. GIMP includes a set of 10 “paint tools”, which not only perform operations that you would normally think of as painting, but also operations such as erasing, copying, smudging, lightening or darkening, etc. All of the paint tools, except the ink tool, use the same set of brushes. The brush pixmaps represent the marks that are made by single “touches” of the brush to the image. A brush stroke, usually made by moving the pointer across the image with the mouse button held down, produces a series of marks spaced along the trajectory, in a way specified by the characteristics of the brush and the paint tool being used.
Las brochas se pueden escoger clicando sobre un icono en el diálogo de brochas. La brocha activa del GIMP se muestra en el área Brocha/Patrón/Gradiente de la caja de herramientas. Una forma de activar el diálogo de brochas es clicando en el símbolo de la brocha.
When you install GIMP, it comes with a number of basic brushes, plus a few bizarre ones that serve mainly to give you examples of what is possible (i. e., the "green pepper" brush in the illustration). You can also create new brushes, or download them and install them so that GIMP will recognize them.
GIMP can use several different types of brushes. All of them, however, are used in the same way, and for most purposes you don't need to worry about the differences when you paint with them. Here are the available types of brushes:
La mayor parte de las brochas que el GIMP provee caen en esta categoría. Se representan en el diálogo de brochas como mapas de píxeles a escala de grises. Cuando pinta empleando este tipo de brochas, se sustituye el negro del mapa de píxeles por el color de frente (el que se muestra en la caja de herramientas).
Para crear una de estas brochas: cree una imagen pequeña a escala de grises (necesitará ampliarla). Guárdela con una extensión .gbr. Haga clic sobre el botón Actualizar para obtener la vista previa sin necesidad de reiniciar el GIMP.
Brushes in this category are represented by colored images in the Brushes dialog. They can be pictures or text. When you paint with them, the colors are used as shown; the current foreground color does not come into play. Otherwise they work the same way as ordinary brushes.
To create such a brush: Create a small RGBA image. For this, open New Image, select RGB for image type and Transparent for fill type. Draw your image and and firs save it as a .xcf file to keep its properties. Then save it in .gbr format. Click on the Refresh button in Brush Dialog to get your brush without it being necessary to restart GIMP.
![[Sugerencia]](images/tip.png)
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Sugerencia |
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When you do a Copy or a Cut on a selection, you see the contents of the clipboard (that is the selection) at the first position in the brushes dialog. And you can use it for painting. |
Brushes in this category can make more than one kind of mark on an image. They are indicated by small red triangles at the lower right corner of the brush symbol in the Brushes dialog. They are sometimes called "animated brushes" because the marks change as you trace out a brushstroke. In principle, image hose brushes can be very sophisticated, especially if you use a tablet, changing shape as a function of pressure, angle, etc. These possibilities have never really been exploited, however; and the ones supplied with GIMP are relatively simple (but still quite useful).
Brushes
Además del mapa de píxeles, toda brocha del GIMP tiene otra propiedad importante: su espaciamiento. Éste representa la distancia entre las estampas consecutivas cuando se efectúa un trazo continuo. Cada brocha tiene asignado un valor predeterminado, el que puede modificarse empleando el diálogo de brochas.
Now, all brushes have a variable size. In fact, in the option box of all painting tools there is a slider to enlarge or reduce the size of the active brush. You can do this directly in the image window if you have set correctly your mouse wheel; see Varying brush size.
In addition to the brush pixmap, each GIMP brush has one other important property: the brush Spacing. This represents the distance between consecutive brush-marks when a continuous brushstroke is painted. Each brush has an assigned default value for this, which can be modified using the Brushes dialog.
