Presets

You can save the color settings of your image by clicking the Add settings to favourites button

The button opens a menu:

Figura 13.148. Preset Menu

which lets you Import Settings from File or Export Settings to File, and gives you access to the Manage Save Settings dialog:

Figura 13.149. Manage saved Settings Dialog

Channel

Puede seleccionar el canal específico que será modificado por la herramienta: Valor hace cambios en la intensidad de todos los píxeles. Los canales de color permiten cambiar la saturación. Canal alfa sobre la transparencia. Reiniciar el canal cancela los cambios en el canal seleccionado.

• Value makes changes to the value of all RGB channels in the image: the image becomes darker or lighter.

• Red, Green and Blue work on a particular color channel: the image gets more or less color. Remember that adding or removing a color result in removing or adding the complementary color

• Alpha works on semi-transparent layers or selections: here, dark means more transparency, and white is fully opaque. Your image must have an Alpha Channel, otherwise this option is disabled.

• Initialize channel cancels changes to the selected channel.

Niveles de entrada

El area principal es la representación gráfica de una imagen, conteniendo tonos oscuros, medios y claros (histograma). Están en abscisa desde el nivel 0 (negro) al 255 (blanco). El número de píxel para un nivel están ordenados sobre el eje. La superficie curva representa todos los píxeles de la imagen para el canal seleccionado. Una imagen con un buen balance es aquella que tiene tonos distribuidos por todo el rango. Una imagen donde predomina el azul, por ejemplo, podrucira un histograma movido a la izquierda en los canales verde y rojo, es decir, falta de verde y rojo en los tonos claros.

Los rangos de nivel se pueden modificar de tres maneras:

• Tres triángulos como deslizadores: uno negro para los tonos oscuros, uno gris para los medios (a menudo, llamado valor gamma) y uno blanco para los tonos claros.

  The black slider determines the black point : all pixels with this value or less will be black (no color with a color channel selected / transparent with the Alpha channel selected).

  The white slider determines the white point : all pixels with this value or higher, will be white (fully colored with a color channel selected / fully opaque with the Alpha channel selected).

  The gray slider determines the mid point. Going to the left, to the black, makes the image lighter (more colored / more opaque) . Going to the right, to the white, makes the image darker (less colored / more transparent).

• Two eye-droppers: when you click them, the mouse pointer becomes an eye-dropper. Then clicking on the image determines the black or the white point according to the chosen eye-dropper. Use the left, dark one to determine the black-point; use the right, white one to determine the white point.

• Tres casillas para entrar valores directamente.

Input Levels are used to lighten highlights (bright tones), darken shadows (dark tones), change the balance of bright and dark tones. Move sliders to the left to increase lightness (increase the chosen color / increase opacity). Move the sliders to the right to lessen lightness (lessen the chosen color / lessen opacity).

Examples for Input Levels

The original image is a gray-scaled image with three stripes: Shadows (64), Mid Tones (127), Highlights (192). The histogram shows three peaks, one for each of the three tones.

Original image

1. The Value channel is selected. The black slider (Shadows) has been moved up to the Shadows peak. The 64 value became 0 and the Shadows stripe became black (0). The Gamma (mid tones) slider is automatically moved to the middle of the tone range. Mid tones are made darker to 84 and Highlights to 171.

   

   Black slider has been moved

2. The white slider (highlights) has been moved up to the highlight peak. The 192 value became 255 and the highlight stripe became white. The Gamma (mid tones) slider is automatically moved to the middle of the tone range. Mid tones are made lighter to 169 and Shadows to 84.

   

   White slider has been moved

Niveles de salida

Output levels allows manual selection of a constrained output level range. There are also numeric text boxes with arrow-heads located here that can be used to interactively change the Output Levels.

Output levels force the tone range to fit the new limits you have set.

• Working with Value: values are compressed and look more alike; so contrast is reduced. Shadows are made lighter: new details can show up but contrast is less; a compromise is necessary. Highlights are made darker.

• Working with Color channels: if you the use the green channel for example and set the output levels between 100 and 140, all pixels with some green, even a low value, will have their green channel value shifted between 100 and 140.

• Working with Alpha channel: all Alpha values will be shifted to the range you have set.

Example for Output Levels

1. The original image is a RGB gradient from black (0;0;0) to white (255;255;255). Output Levels has no histogram; here, we used Windows → Dockable Dialogs → Histogram.

   

   Original image (a gradient)

2. Value channel selected. The black slider has been moved to 63 and the white slider to 189. The Histogram shows the compression of pixels. No pixel is less than 63, and no pixel is more than 189. In the image, Shadows are lighter and Highlights are darker: contrast is reduced.

   

   Black slider has been moved

Todos los canales

Auto: Realiza una configuración automática de los niveles.

Three eyedroppers , , . .  These three buttons respectively represent a white, a gray and a black eye-dropper. When you click one of these buttons, the mouse pointer takes the form of the eye-dropper it represents. Then, when clicking the image, the clicked pixel determines the white point , the black point or the mid point according to the eye-dropper you chose. Works on all channels, even if a particular channel is selected.

Figura 13.150. Example for Levels eye-droppers

Above is original gradient from black to white. Below is the result after clicking with the white eye-dropper: all pixels with a value higher than that of the clicked pixel turned to white.

Edit these settings as Curves

To make your work easier, this button lets you turn to the Curves tool with the same settings.

Vista previa

La casilla de vista previa conmuta la actualización dinámica de la imagen. Si la casilla está marcada, los cambios se ven, inmediatamente.

Figura 13.151. “Levels” tool options

Although this tool is not present in the Toolbox by default (see Sección 5.1, “Diálogo de herramientas” if you want to add it), nevertheless it has a Tool Option Dialog under the Toolbox. These options are described here:

Escala del histograma

These two options have the same action as the Logarithmic and Linear buttons in the Levels dialog.

Muestra ponderada

Este deslizador selecciona el “radio” del area del recogedor de color (cuentagotas). Este area aparece, como un cuadrado más grande a mayor radio, cuando se mantiene pulsado el botón del ratón sobre un píxel.